Scientist viewing multi-omic diagnostic information
⭐ Core Sensing Primitive

The Electroactive Reversible Quadruplex Tag

A software-defined electrochemical sensing architecture built from a molecular signal primitive—
enabling stackable sensitivity, reversible interrogation, and universal targeting across biology.

Modern diagnostics are constrained not by biology, but by the architectures used to measure it—optical channels, modality-specific instruments, and hardware-defined multiplex limits that fragment workflows and slow iteration.

Guanine addresses this limitation at its root by introducing a new electrochemical signal primitive: an electroactive quadruplex tag engineered to be stackable for low concentration, reversible for repeated interrogation, universal across target types, and pre-conjugatable to magnetic particles for rapid, mobile workflows.

Unlike conventional redox tags or native redox sensing, the quadruplex tag remains chemically intact through repeated measurements—enabling stable, information-dense signal carriers that can be interrogated and separated in software rather than constrained by optics or fixed channels.

This is the foundation of Guanine’s software-defined sensing architecture: multiplexing depth, target identity, and panel composition are encoded algorithmically and decoded from a shared electrochemical measurement space.

Two architectural consequences follow directly from the tag’s reversibility and information density:

Why this is possible: because the quadruplex tag is reversible and electrochemically addressable, Guanine can repeatedly interrogate stable signal carriers using orthogonal waveform domains—separating and decoding many overlapping targets without adding optical channels or modality-specific instruments.
One signal primitive. Many architectures. Software-defined sensing begins at the molecular layer.

⭐ Software-Defined Capabilities

What “Software-Defined” Means in Diagnostics

In conventional diagnostics, scaling multiplexing requires additional channels, optics, or instruments—driving linear increases in cost and complexity. In Guanine, multiplexing and target identity scale through software because signal separation is encoded electrochemically rather than physically.

  • Multiplexing depth scales in software via composite encoding and decoding (CME)
  • Target identity is defined algorithmically—panels expand without new optical channels
  • Waveforms are adaptive—signal extraction is optimized in software for the sample matrix (MDWC)
  • One sensing layer spans biology—nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, drugs, cells, and redox
  • Low-capital scaling—no lasers, filters, cameras, pumps, or thermal cycling required
Primitive linkage: these software-defined capabilities exist because the quadruplex tag provides stable, reversible, information-dense signal carriers that can be repeatedly interrogated and separated in electrochemical waveform space.

This creates a fast path from biomarker discovery to deployed assays—particularly valuable for OEMs and teams seeking to scale assay menus without rebuilding diagnostic stacks.

  • Faster iteration cycles than hardware-locked competitors
  • OEM rehosting without new instruments or modality-specific workflows
  • Margin expansion over time as software improves performance and multiplexing
  • Enables new workflows such as culture-free phenotyping and time-aligned sepsis decisioning
Diagnostics scale exponentially when multiplexing is defined in software—not hardware.

⭐ Core Technology Overview

From Signal Primitive to Multi-Omic Multiplex Architecture

Guanine’s multi-omic multiplex architecture is a direct consequence of the electroactive reversible quadruplex tag: stackable tagging increases sensitivity, reversibility enables repeated interrogation, and software-defined encoding and waveform control (CME + MDWC) separate and decode dense signal mixtures from complex samples.

Diagram of quadruplex tag primitive, CME and MDWC decoding, and multi-omic architecture

Without exposing proprietary algorithms or waveform structures, the key architectural point is simple: Guanine decouples diagnostic scale from modality-specific instruments by shifting multiplexing and identity into software. A compact electrochemical reader becomes a reconfigurable sensing layer—capable of supporting multi-omic panels, time-critical workflows, and OEM rehosting without rebuilding the core infrastructure.


⭐ Technical Pillars

Six Pillars, One Coherent Architecture

Each pillar strengthens performance, but the differentiation comes from how they integrate around a single signal primitive. The quadruplex tag enables software-defined encoding and waveform control, while magnetic workflows make the architecture practical for rapid, mobile deployment and complex matrices.

Primitive → encoding → waveform control → deployment.
Reversible quadruplex tags icon

Electroactive Reversible Quadruplex Tags

The molecular signal primitive: stable, information-dense carriers engineered for stackability, reversibility, and universal conjugation.

  • Stackable loading enables low-concentration detection without enzymatic amplification
  • Reversible interrogation enables repeated measurement and waveform-domain separation
  • Universal conjugation supports nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, drugs, cells, and redox biology
Magnetic particle sandwich architecture icon

Magnetic Particle Sandwich Architecture

A universal capture-and-signal framework that turns tag stackability into practical sensitivity across biomarker classes.

  • High tag payload per complex yields strong electrochemical signal density
  • Magnetically guided to electrodes for rapid, concentrated readout
  • Compatible with streamlined workflows in mobile and point-of-care formats
  • Designed to reduce moving parts and simplify cartridge implementation
Composite multiplex encoding icon

Composite Multiplex Encoding (CME)

Software-defined multiplexing: uniquely decodable encoding that scales target identity without optical channelization.

  • Orthogonal encoding strategies produce uniquely decodable signatures
  • Designed for dense multiplexing on shared electrodes
  • Scaling logic: multiplex depth increases in software—not hardware complexity
Why this is possible: stable, reversible tag carriers allow dense encoding and repeated interrogation needed for decodable mixtures.
Adaptive multi-domain waveform control icon

Adaptive Multi-Domain Waveform Control (MDWC)

Waveform-domain control that adapts to sample and target behavior—maximizing extraction of meaningful signal in real biological matrices.

  • Adaptive pulse shaping improves signal-to-noise in complex samples
  • Noise rejection and matrix tolerance without added hardware complexity
  • Supports time-aligned workflows and real-time reaction tracking
Why this is possible: reversibility enables repeated interrogation across time/frequency/amplitude domains without destroying the signal carrier.
Magnetophoretic concentration icon

Magnetophoretic Concentration

Magnetic control that accelerates kinetics and simplifies workflows—critical for rapid, low-infrastructure deployment.

  • Accelerates binding and reduces time-to-signal
  • Improves sensitivity by concentrating tagged complexes at the electrode
  • Enables simpler cartridges with fewer moving parts
Universal multi-omic detection icon

Universal Multi-Omic Detection

One sensing layer spanning biology: mixed panels and multi-domain readouts without multiple instruments.

  • Cross-modality measurement without modality-specific hardware stacks
  • Mixed panels (host + pathogen + metabolism + redox) in one run
  • Designed for high-plex quantitative readouts from a single sample

⭐ Comprehensive Intellectual Property

Defensibility Through Architecture

Guanine’s IP protects the architectural lock-in mechanism: the electroactive reversible quadruplex tag as a signal primitive, and the software-defined encoding and waveform control it enables. This combination creates high switching costs and makes replication difficult through software or hardware alone.

Underlying Technologies

  • US 11,175,285 — Reversible Quadruplex Electrochemical Tags
  • US 11,105,801 — Universal Electrochemical Detection with AI Diagnosis
  • US 63/921,529 — ≥500-analyte multi-omic architecture leveraging CME & MDWC

Advanced Applications (Provisional Filings)

  • US 63/906,062 — Culture-free antimicrobial phenotyping
  • US 63/921,529A — Multi-omic, epigenetic, precision-medicine AI (Upcoming Non-Provisional)
  • US 63/921,529B — Drug development Dx, CDx, and TDM Dx (Upcoming Non-Provisional)

White Paper

Publications

Selected peer-reviewed and conference publications demonstrating core technology performance.

Institutional diligence: non-confidential architecture materials are available upon request, and granted patents can be linked via Google Patents for transparent review.
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